01. 문자 찾기
import java.util.*;
  
public class Main {
  public int solution(String str, char t) {
  	int answer = 0;
    
    str = str.toUpperCase();
    t = Character.toUpperCase(t);
    
    
    
    for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
    	if(str.charAt(i) == t) answer++;
    }
    
    return answer;
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args){
    Main T = new Main();
    Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
    String str=kb.next();
    char c = kb.next().charAt(0);	
    System.out.print(T.solution(str, c));
  }
}
import java.util.*;
  
public class Main {
  public int solution(String str, char t) {
  	int answer = 0;
    
    str = str.toUpperCase();
    t = Character.toUpperCase(t);
    
    
    
    
    
    for(char x : str.toCharArray()) {
    	if(x == t) answer++;
    }
    
    return answer;
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args){
    Main T = new Main();
    Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
    String str=kb.next();
    char c = kb.next().charAt(0);	
    System.out.print(T.solution(str, c));
  }
}
02. 대소문자 변환
import java.util.*;
  
public class Main {
  public String solution(String str) {
  	String answer = "";
    
    for(char x : str.toCharArray()) {
    	if(Character.isLowerCase(x)) answer += Character.toUpperCase(x);
      	else answer += Character.toLowerCase(x);
    }
    
    return answer;
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args){
    Main T = new Main();
    Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
    String str = kb.next();
    System.out.print(T.solution(str));
  }
}
import java.util.*;
  
public class Main {
  public String solution(String str) {
  	String answer = "";
    
    
    
    for(char x : str.toCharArray()) {
    	if(x >= 97 && x <= 122) answer += (char)(x - 32);
        else answer += (char)(x + 32);
    }
    
    return answer;
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args){
    Main T = new Main();
    Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
    String str = kb.next();
    System.out.print(T.solution(str));
  }
}