Meta Unveils a More Powerful A.I. and Isn't Fretting Over Who Uses It

Meta Unveils a More Powerful A.I. and Isn't Fretting Over Who Uses It
메타가 더 강력한 AI를 공개하고 누가 사용하던지 개의치 않는다고 밝혔습니다.

• Fret over: 걱정하다, 초조해하다

The company said it would give outside programmers access to the latest version of its core artificial intelligence technology.
메타는 외부 개발자들에게 자신들의 핵심 인공지능 기술의 최신 버전을 제공할 것이라고 말했습니다.

The largest companies in the tech industry have spent the year warning that development of artificial intellingence technology is ourpacing their wildest expectation and that they need to limit who access to it.
기술 산업에서 가장 큰 회사들은 인공지능 기술의 발전이 자신들의 가장 큰 기대에 부응하고 있기 때문에 이에 대한 접근을 제한해야 한다고 주장하는데 1년을 보냈습니다.

Mark Zuckerberg is doubling down on a different tack: He's giving it away.
마크 저커버그는 다른 전략(그 것을 포기하는 것)에 더 집중하고 있습니다.

• double down: 두 배로 판 돈을 올리다, 더 집중하다

Mr. Zuckerberg, the cheif executive of Meta, said on Tuesday that he planned to provied the code behind the company's latest and most advanced A.I. technology to developers and software enthusiasts around the world free of charge.
메타 CEO 저커버그는 지난 목요일, 회사의 가장 발전된 최신 AI 기술이 담긴 코드를 제공할 것이라고 말했습니다. 또한 이 기술은 세계 개발자와 소프트웨어 애호가들에게 무료로 제공됩니다.

The decision, similar to one that Meta made in Februrary, could help the company reel in competitors like Google and Microsoft. Those companies have moved more quickly to incorporate generative artificial intelligence - the technology behind OpenAI's popular ChatGPT chatbot - into their products.
지난 2월에 있었던 결정과 비슷한 이번 결정은 회사가 구글과 마이크로소프트와 같은 경쟁자들과의 싸움에서 도움이 될 수 있습니다. 이 회사들은 생성 인공지능(오픈AI의 인기있는 챗봇 서비스에 담긴 기술)을 자신들의 제품에 통합하는데 더 빠르게 움직여왔습니다.

"When software is open, more people can scrutinize it to identify and fix potential issues." Mr Zuckerberg said in a post to his personal Facebook page.
"소프트웨어가 공개되면 더 많은 사람들이 이를 더 면밀히 살펴보고 잠재적인 이슈들을 식별하고 해결할 수 있습니다." 라고 그의 개인 페이스북 페이지에 올린 글에서 이렇게 말했습니다.

• scruntinize it: 자세히 조사하다

The latest version of Meta's A.I. was created with 40 percent more data than what the company released just a few months ago and is believed to be considerably more powerful. And Meta is providing a detailed road map that shows how developers can work with the vast amount of data it has collected.
이번 최신 버전은 불과 몇 개월 전에 메타가 공개했던 것보다 40% 더 많은 데이터로 만들어졌으며 이전 버전보다 더 뛰어날 것으로 평가되고 있습니다. 또한 메타가 개발자들이 그들이 수집한 대량의 데이터를 가지고 작업할 수 있는지 자세한 로드 맵을 제공하고 있습니다.

Researchers worry that generative A.I. can supercharge the amount of disinformation and spam on the internet, and presents dangers that even some of its creators do not entirely understand.
연구자들은 생성 AI가 많은 양의 잘못된 정보와 스팸을 인터넷에 과급할 수 있으며, 심지어 일부는 만든이들조차 이해하지 못하는 위험성을 내포하고 있다고 우려를 제기하고 있습니다.

Meta is sticking to a long-held belief that allowing all sort of programmers to tinker with technology is the best way to improve it. Unitl recently, most A.I. researchers agreed with that. But in the past year, companies like google and OpenAI, a San Francisco start-up that is working closely with Microsoft, have set limits on who has access to their latest technology and placed controls around what can be done with it.
메타는 모든 프로그래머들에게 기술을 손 볼 수 있도록 접근을 허용하는 것이 이를 개선시키기 위한 가장 좋은 방법이라고 오랜 믿음을 고수하고 있습니다. 최근까지는 대부분의 AI 연구자들도 이에 동의하였습니다. 그러나, 작년에 구글과 오픈AI(마이크로소프트와 긴밀히 협력하고 있는 샌프란시스코 스타트업)와 같은 회사들이 자신들의 최신 기술에 대한 접근 제한을 설정하고 이를 통해 수행할 수 있는 작업들을 제어해왔습니다.

The companies say they are limiting access because of safety concerns, but critics say they are also trying to stifle competition. Meta argues that it is in everyone's best interest to share what it is working on.
두 회사는 안전상의 우려로 접근을 제한한다고 하였으나, 비평가들은 그들이 경쟁 속 우위를 점하기 위해 막는 것이라고 말합니다. 메타는 자신들의 작업 내용을 공개하는 것이 모든 사람들을에게 최선의 이익을 제공하는 것이라고 주장합니다.

"Meta has historically been a big proponent of open platforms, and it has really worked well for us a company," said Ahmed Al-Dahel, vice president of generative A.I. at Meta, in an interview.
"메타는 역사적으로 개방형 플랫폼의 큰 지지자였고, 우리 회사에 정말 잘 맞았습니다." 라고 아흐메드 알-다헬 메타 생성 AI 부문 부사장이 인터뷰에서 말했습니다.

The move will make the software "open source," which is computer code that can be freely copied, modified and reused. The technology, called LLaMA 2, provides everything anyone would need to build online chatbots like ChatGPT LLaMA 2 will be released under a commercial license, which means developers can build their own business using Meta's underlying A.I. to power them - all for free.

By open-sourcing LLaMa 2, Meta can capitalize on improvements made by programmers from outside the company while - Meta executieves hope - spurring A.I. experimentation.

Meta's open-source approach is not new. Companies often open-source technologies in an effort to catch up with rivals. Fifteen years ago, Google open-sourced its Android mobile operating system to better compete with Apple's iPhone. While the iPhone had early lead, Android eventually became the dominant software used in smartphones.

But researchers argue that someone could deply Meta's A.I. without the safeguards that tech giants like Google and Microsoft often use to suppress toxic content. Newly created open-source models could be used, for instance, to flood the internet with even more spam, financial scams and disinformation.

LLaMa 2, short for Large Language Model Meta AI, is what scientists cal a large language model, or L.L.M chatbots like ChatGPT and Google Bard are built with large language models.

The models are systems that learn skills by analyzing enormous volumes of digital text, including Wikipedia articles, books, online forum conversations and chat logs. By pinpointing patterns in the text, these systems learn to generate text of their own, including term papers, poetry and computer code. They can even carry on a converstaion.

Meta is teaming up with Microsoft to open-source LLaMA 2, which will run on Microsoft's Azure cloud services. LLaMA 2 will also be available through other providers, including Amazon Web Services and the company HugginFace.

Dozens of Silicon Valley technologists signed a statement of support for the initiative, including the venture capitalist Reid Hoffman and executives from Nvidia, Palo Alto Networks, Zoom and Dropbox.

Meta is not only the company to push for open-source A.I. projects. The Technology Innovaton Institute produced Falcon LLM and published the code freely this year. Mosaic ML also offers open-source software for training L.L.M.s.

Meta executives argue that their strategy is not as risky as many believe. They say that people can already generate amounts of disinformation and hate speech without using A.I., and that such toxic material can be tightly restricted by Meta's social networks such as Facebook. They maintain that releasing the technology can eventually strengthen the ability of Meta and other companies to fight back against abuses of the software.

Meta did additional "Red Team" testing of LLaMA 2 before releasing it, Mr. Al-Dahle said. That is a term for testing sofrware for potential misuse and figuring out ways to protect against such abuse. The company will also release a responsible-use guide containing best practice and guidelines for developers who wish to build programs using the code.

But these tests and guildlines apply to only one of the models that Meta is releasing, which will be trained and fine-tuned in a way that contains guardrails and inhibits misuse. Developers will also be able to use the code to create chatbots and programs without guardrails, a move that skeptics see as a risk.

In Feburary, Meta released the first version of LLaMa to academics, goverment researchers and others. The company also allowed academics to download LLaMa after it had been trained on vast amounts of digital text. Scientists call the process "releasing the weights."

It was a notable move because analizing all that digital data requires vast computing and financial resources. With the weights, anyone can build a chatbot far more cheaply and easily than from scratch.

Many in tech industry believed Meta set a dangerous precedent, and after Meta shared its A.I. techology with a small group of academics in Feburary, one of the researchers leaked the technology onto the public internet.

In a recent opinion piece in The Financial Times, Nick Clegg, Meta's president of global public policy, argued that it was "not sustainable to keep foundational technology in the hands of just a few large corporations," and that historically companies that released open source software had been served strategically as well.

"I'm looking forward to seeing what you all build!" Mr.Zuckerberg said in his post.