1. 백준 - 11723 집합
import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline
N = int(input())
S = set()
for i in range(N):
given = list(input().split())
if len(given) == 2:
if given[0] == 'add':
S.add(int(given[1]))
elif given[0] == 'remove':
if int(given[1]) in S:
S.remove(int(given[1]))
elif given[0] == 'check':
if int(given[1]) in S:
print(1)
else:
print(0)
elif given[0] == 'toggle':
if int(given[1]) in S:
S.remove(int(given[1]))
else:
S.add(int(given[1]))
else:
if given[0] == 'all':
S = set([i for i in range(1,21)])
elif given[0] == 'empty':
S = set()
2. 백준 - 11501 주식
import sys
sys.stdin = open('input.txt', 'r')
N = int(input())
for t in range(N):
n = int(input())
lst = list(map(int, input().split()))
answer = 0
max_val = 0
for i in range(len(lst)-1, -1, -1):
if lst[i] > max_val:
max_val = lst[i]
else:
answer += max_val - lst[i]
print(answer)