개인용 Vi 커맨드 정리

mosad2334·2021년 10월 31일

linux vi vim

개발용 블로그 시작하면 제일 첫 째로 필요하다고 생각했던 vi 커맨드 cheet sheet 개인용 정리.

아래 기본적 내용은 아래 링크의 치트시트를 참고합니다.
👉 원본 치트시트

잘 쓰고있던 것은 💚 표시
외우지 못했지만 필요했거나, 필요해 보이는 커맨드는 💗 표시

Input commands (end with Esc)

a Append after cursor
i Insert before cursor 💚
o Open line below
O Open line above
:r file Insert file after current line

Change commands (Input mode)

cw Change word (Esc)
cc Change line (Esc) - blanks line
c$ Change to end of line
rc Replace character with c
R Replace (Esc) - typeover
s Substitute (Esc) - 1 char with string
S Substitute (Esc) - Rest of line with text
- cc랑 정확한 차이점이 무엇인지 찾지 못함.
. Repeat last change

** change : 삭제 후 insert 모드 진입

Changes during insert mode

<ctrl>h Back one character
<ctrl>w Back one word 💗
<ctrl>u Back to beginning of inse

File management commands

:w name Write edit buffer to file name
:wq Write to file and quit 💚
:q! Quit without saving changes
ZZ Same as :wq
- x Same as :wq
:sh Execute shell commands (<ctrl>d)

Window motions

<ctrl>d Scroll down (half a screen) 💗
<ctrl>u Scroll up (half a screen) 💗
<ctrl>f Page forward 💗
<ctrl>b Page backward 💗
/string Search forward 💚
?string Search backward 💚
<ctrl>l Redraw screen
<ctrl>g Display current line number and file information 💗
n Repeat search 💚
N Repeat search reverse 💚
G Go to last line 💚
n G Go to line n 💚
:n Go to line n 💗💗
z<CR> Reposition window: cursor at top
z. Reposition window: cursor in middle 💗
z- Reposition window: cursor at bottom
gg Go to first line. G 커맨드의 첫줄버전.💚

Cursor motions

H Upper left corner (home)
M Middle line
L Lower left corner
h Back a character 💗
j Down a line 💗
k Up a line 💗
^ Beginning of line
$ End of line
l Forward a character 💗
w One word forward 💗
b Back one word 💗
fc Find c
; Repeat find (find next c)

Deletion commands

dd or ndd Delete n lines to general buffer 💚
dw Delete word to general buffer
dnw Delete n words
d) Delete to end of sentence
db Delete previous word
D Delete to end of line
x Delete character 💚

Recovering deletions

p Put general buffer after cursor 💚
P Put general buffer before cursor

Undo commands

u Undo last change 💚
U Undo all changes on line

Rearrangement commands

yy or Y Yank (copy) line to general buffer 💚
“z6yy Yank 6 lines to buffer z
yw Yank word to general buffer
“a9dd Delete 9 lines to buffer a
“A9dd Delete 9 lines; Append to buffer a
“ap Put text from buffer a after cursor
p Put general buffer after cursor 💚
P Put general buffer before cursor
J Join lines

Parameters

:set list Show invisible characters 💗
:set nolist Don’t show invisible characters
:set number Show line numbers 💚
:set nonumber Don’t show line numbers 💚
:set autoindent Indent after carriage return
:set noautoindent Turn off autoindent
:set showmatch Show matching sets of parentheses as they are typed
:set noshowmatch Turn off showmatch
:set showmode Display mode on last line of screen
:set noshowmode Turn off showmode
:set all Show values of all possible parameters 💗

Move text from file old to file new

vi old
“a10yy yank 10 lines to buffer a
:w write work buffer
:e new edit new file
“ap put text from a after cursor
:30,60w new Write lines 30 to 60 in file new

Regular expressions (search strings)

^ Matches beginning of line
$ Matches end of line
. Matches any single character
* Matches any previous character
.* Matches any character

Search and replace commands

Syntax:

:\[address]s/old_text/new_text/

Address components:

. Current line
n Line number n
.+m Current line plus m lines
$ Last line
/string/ A line that contains "string"
% Entire file
[addr1],[addr2] Specifies a range

더 자세히 👉 Find and Replace in Vim / Vi

Examples 💗

Comment lines (add # before the line) from 5 to 20:

:5,20s/^/#/

Uncomment lines from 5 to 20, revert the previous changes:

:5,20s/^#//

Replace all instances of ‘apple’, ‘orange’, and ‘mango’ with ‘fruit’:

:%s/apple\|orange\|mango/fruit/g

Remove trailing whitespace at the end of each line:

:%s/\s\+$//e

** 파일에서 선택 단어를 일괄적으로 치환할 때 사용. 💚
EX) :%s/[바꿀 단어]/[바뀔 단어]/g

:5,20s/^/#/ 
:5,20s/^#//

Visual Mode

vi 미지원, vim으로 사용해야 합니다.

visual mode 진입

Character mode: v (lower-case) 💚💚💚
Line mode: V (upper-case)
Block mode: Ctrl+v

visual mode 진입 후

c 변경
d, x 삭제 💚💚💚
y 복사 💚💚💚
<, > 들여쓰기 조절

norm 커맨드